Review—Flow Batteries from 1879 to 2022 and Beyond
نویسندگان
چکیده
We present a quantitative bibliometric study of flow battery technology from the first zinc-bromine cells in 1870’s to megawatt vanadium RFB installations 2020’s. emphasize, that cost advantage RFBs multi-hour charge-discharge cycles is compromised by an inferior energy efficiency these systems, and there are limits on improvement due internal cross-over power (at low current densities) acceptable pressure drop high densities). Differences between lithium-ion redox batteries (VRFBs) discussed end-user perspective. conclude, area-specific resistance, durability contemporaneous VRFBs appropriate for commercialization stationary storage markets, most import direction VRFB development today reduction stack materials manufacturing costs. Chromium-iron should be given renewed attention, since it seems promising durable low-energy-cost chemistry.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of The Electrochemical Society
سال: 2023
ISSN: ['0013-4651', '1945-7111']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/acb8de